MISSISSIPPIAN PALEOENVIRONMENTS — EVIDENCE AND DIAGRAM BRIEF
Compiled 2026-10-26. Published evidence only; not raw LAS/core reanalysis.

Critical integration notes
- A named Zero Edge on an official present-day stratigraphic map is a preservation limit until a depositional origin is independently shown; it is not automatically a paleoshoreline.
- Gross formation isopach combines deposition, subsidence, compaction, erosion and potentially dissolution/deformation. It is not reservoir thickness or net pay.
- Carbonate shoal, mud mound, microbial fabric and framework reef are different terms. Do not substitute reef without evidence of an in-place supporting framework.
- Lithostratigraphic boundaries and genetic sequence/cycle boundaries can differ. In particular, the lower Frobisher Evaporite may be included in an upper Frobisher genetic cycle although commonly assigned lithostratigraphically to basal Midale.
- Midale Evaporite is commonly basal Ratcliffe and may be laterally equivalent to basinward carbonates. Standing-water precipitation, rooted/burrowed flats and terminal exposure all occur in published models.
- Local salt dissolution or inherited structural controls require independent multi-horizon structure, salt-thickness and facies/timing evidence. Do not infer them solely from one thick or thin contour.
- Oil stains demonstrate prior hydrocarbon occurrence; they do not alone establish present movable oil, commercial volumes or a retained trap.
- All nested targets are testable geological hypotheses. Reservoir quality, seal, closure, charge timing and preservation are separate necessary conditions.
- Structure-contour top/base reference and vertical datum were not newly verified in this research task; do not infer either from a layer name.

SOURIS_VALLEY — Souris Valley Beds / Lodgepole Formation
Early Mississippian transgression over the Bakken followed by shelf-margin carbonate growth: cleaner carbonate bank, muddy basinward clinoforms and localized Waulsortian-type mud mounds. A mound is not automatically a framework reef.
Published anchors:
- Basal glauconitic wackestone, bioturbated transition and argillaceous limestone are illustrated at successive levels. [sereda1990; Plate 4, caption printed 50/PDF 63, photographs PDF 64; 16-30-9-30W1; 1007.0, 1002.0 and 997.0 m]
- Bryozoan fabrics, abundant early calcite spar and locally leached, bitumen-bearing material demonstrate both original biological fabrics and later pore modification. [sereda1990; Plate 8, caption printed 70/PDF 83, photographs PDF 84; 5-7-9-30W1; 929.8 and 927.5 m]
- A regional shelf/clinoform model describes basinward south-dipping argillaceous clinoforms and localized mounds; this is a regional model, not a prospect map. [nickel_kent2008; PDF p.1 / printed 928]
- The 2023 core-talk hypothesis attributes many subcrop failures to removal of an upper high-energy reservoir interval rather than uniformly poor original facies; proposed retained fairway is farther downdip. [lake2023; PDF pp.1–2]
Nested targets: Preserved upper crinoidal/ooidal shoal packages where dissolution or dolomitization left connected pores.; Localized mound flank/top or clinoform-to-bank terminations, only where core establishes reservoir quality and sealing facies.
Preservation/diagenesis/trapping: Separate primary facies from early spar, burial compaction, dissolution and sub-Mesozoic alteration. A preserved porous body needs lateral/top containment and an independently demonstrated migration/charge history. Thin muddy clinoforms can be barriers but do not establish a sealed accumulation by themselves.
Orientation: Basinward southward progradation is supported regionally; individual shoal/mound axes and northern shoreline positions are not fixed by the official thickness or zero-edge maps. Confidence: Moderate for basinward direction; low for local axes.
Local applicability: The thesis samples the southeastern margin, including northern townships near the broader Parkman corridor. Lake 2023 specifically treats Parkman as an exception to disappointing subcrop results and points to Northgate T2 R2W2–South Fillmore T9 R11W2, approximately 60 km downdip, as an exploration hypothesis. Daly examples are Manitoba analogues, not Wawota control. No demonstrated continuous shoal was traced to Indian Head.
Falsifiers: Correlated cores show the purported upper reservoir never developed rather than having been eroded.; Upper shoal remains fully calcite/anhydrite cemented; apparent log porosity is disconnected.; A proposed mound lacks depositional relief/internal facies or is explained by later structural relief.
Diagram: Draw cleaner shallow shelf/bank, inclined muddy foreslope and optional localized mud mound. Add a separate later erosional cut removing the upper shoal updip. Mark any retained downdip shoal as a hypothesis, not a mapped pool.

TILSTON — Tilston Beds
Shallow carbonate platform/ramp with mobile skeletal, peloidal and locally ooidal grain bodies, adjoining quieter muddy carbonate and peritidal facies. This is a carbonate sand-shoal model; framework reef growth requires additional evidence.
Published anchors:
- Published thin section identifies peloidal grainstone with interparticle pores. [ji_hersi2016; Figure 5A, p.11; 101/01-11-006-33W1; licence 86J054; 1158.5 m]
- Oil-stained dolomitized packstone with biomoldic pores and dolomitized crinoidal packstone are illustrated from the northern part of the thesis study. [sereda1990; Plate 7A–B, caption printed 66/PDF 79, photographs PDF 80; 15-29-9-31W1; 943.4 and 950.8 m]
Nested targets: Clean skeletal/peloidal shoal packages with connected interparticle or secondary pores.; Dolomitized packstone with preserved molds/vugs where plug data demonstrate permeability.; Preserved subcrop remnants with intact top seal and demonstrable lateral closure.
Preservation/diagenesis/trapping: Original grain richness alone is insufficient: pressure solution, calcite/anhydrite cement and recrystallization modify connectivity. Northern subcrop trapping requires preservation and a competent alteration/Watrous seal; Parkman seal failure is locally documented, so continuity cannot be assumed.
Orientation: Regional landward-to-basinward facies changes are plausible; no single measured shoal orientation is established for the Walpole–Wolseley corridor by these studies. Confidence: Moderate setting; low corridor-scale geometry.
Local applicability: The 15-29-9-31W1 observation is closer to the northern producing trend than the Ji–Hersi southern study. It is a local sample, not evidence that the whole Tilston preservation edge carries the same facies. Any Candiac remnant shown on official regional maps requires independent picks and core confirmation.
Falsifiers: A mapped remnant disappears after original picks are audited.; Correlated preserved Tilston contains only tight mud-rich facies.; Porous interval continues unsealed updip or is water-wet with no demonstrated charge.
Diagram: Show a low-relief carbonate shoal with skeletal/peloid sands grading to muddier flanks; overlay later dolomitization and erosional truncation as separate events. Use discontinuous patches rather than a continuous reef belt.

ALIDA — Alida Beds
Inner shelf to wave-agitated carbonate bank/shoal and foreslope; facies include crinoidal mud/wackestone, echinoderm and ooid grain/packstone, peloidal facies and quartz-bearing intervals.
Published anchors:
- Cross-bedded echinoderm grainstone is illustrated, supporting current/wave reworking of skeletal sand. [rott_qing2005_sedimentology; Figure 4, p.4; 10-12-8-4W2; 1202.60 m]
- A SW–NE structural section through Arcola–Buffalo Head illustrates strong facies changes; its southwest mound component is explicitly inferred. It is not a restored paleotopographic section. [rott_qing2005_sedimentology; Figure9, p.8; Section approximately 13-20-7-4W2 to 8-2-9-3W2]
- Petrography separates early, initial burial, unconformity-related and reburial alterations; both pore creation and pore destruction occur. [rott_qing2005_diagenesis; Paragenetic discussion and conclusions]
Nested targets: Clean crinoid/echinoderm or ooid shoal crests and flanks where cement is incomplete.; Dolomitized or selectively dissolved grain-rich facies with measured connectivity.; Local facies terminations against tight mud-rich carbonate, combined with preserved top seal.
Preservation/diagenesis/trapping: Anhydrite, calcite and compaction may destroy original sand pores; dissolution can reopen them. Distinguish depositional facies from the crosscutting diagenetic caprock. A local structural or facies trap still needs charge and spill-point evaluation.
Orientation: A documented SW–NE section tests local facies relations; its direction does not establish a regional coastline or a corridor-parallel bank. Confidence: High local facies descriptions; low extrapolated azimuth.
Local applicability: Best direct examples are Arcola, Buffalo Head and Rosebank, south of much of the town corridor. Transfer the facies model only where the Alida is independently shown to be preserved.
Falsifiers: Clean-bank interpretation is replaced by muddy carbonate in adjacent cores.; Inferred mound disappears on a stratigraphic datum or is unsupported by core.; Grain-rich facies is pervasively anhydrite cemented.
Diagram: Bank with skeletal/ooid sand crest, muddy protected flank and basinward crinoidal wackestone; show local pinch-outs and separate cement/dissolution overlays. Label the Arcola–Buffalo Head geometry as an analogue.

KISBEY — Kisbey Interval / Kisbey Sandstone
Mixed quartz sand and carbonate along a shallow marine carbonate–siliciclastic interface. Published models include lowstand sand influx followed by marine reworking/transgression, with localized channels, dunes or sabkha; neither an all-fluvial-valley nor an all-shoreface label is justified.
Published anchors:
- Gamma-ray/photoelectric logs and a detailed published core column show quartz-rich beds alternating with carbonate, cross-bedding, dolomicritic clasts and marine trace fossils. [kent2007_kisbey; Figure 2a–b, p.4; Provident Hastings E 131/6-2-4-33W1/00; Cored interval 1173.5–1191.8 m]
- The author documents contrasting sand/carbonate successions in wells within about 800 m and questions treating every thick sand as erosional valley fill. His Kisbey interval definition is broader than traditional sandstone picks. [kent2007_kisbey; Figures 8–9 pp.10–11 and discussion; 6-28-3-31W1 and 9-29-3-31W1]
Nested targets: Clean, connected marine-reworked sand lenses or genuine channel fills bounded by tight carbonate/mud.; Carbonate–sand transitions where dolomitization or carbonate dissolution enhances connectivity.; Local lowstand sand accumulation preserved beneath a subsequent transgressive seal.
Preservation/diagenesis/trapping: Carbonate matrix and anhydrite cement can dominate quality. Gross thickness and quartz content are not net pay. Correlation must distinguish sequence position, erosional relief and diagenetic overprint before inferring connectivity or charge pathways.
Orientation: Local channel or elongate sand-body axes need closely spaced correlations. No reliable universal current direction or corridor-aligned shoreline is supplied by the regional isopach. Confidence: High mixed marine sedimentary evidence; low specific corridor geometry.
Local applicability: Published reference sections are predominantly southern Saskatchewan. This facies model applies to the northern corridor only where the same stratigraphic interval survives and its picks are consistent with the study definition.
Falsifiers: A proposed incised channel lacks basal erosion/truncation or preserves continuous underlying markers.; Sand thickening is paired with carbonate replacement/interfingering rather than incision.; Apparent clean sand is tightly cemented.
Diagram: Shallow carbonate platform with patchy quartz-sand lobes and possible channel/dune elements, followed by a marine flooding surface. Draw two alternative endmembers: erosion-filled channel and non-erosional intershoal accumulation.

FROBISHER — Frobisher Beds
Repeated shallow-water carbonate–evaporite cycles: coated-grain shoals, muddy back-barrier/lagoonal facies, washover, algal/peritidal muds and evaporitic exposure. Steelman core work recognizes four progradational cycles; the lithostratigraphic boundaries do not coincide everywhere with genetic cycle boundaries.
Published anchors:
- Pinto photos and a south–north two-well stratigraphic section show porous ooid shoal rock changing into poorly sorted muddy, anhydrite-cemented back-barrier facies and intraclast washover. [nimegeers2006_frobisher; Figures 1–2, PDF p.2/printed 635; 2-11-2-4W2 and 8-11-2-4W2; 5196 ft; 5204 ft; 5219 ft]
- Steelman nodular anhydrite overlies an exposed argillaceous dolomudstone; the upper genetic cycle boundary is placed at a flooding surface within the lower Frobisher Evaporite. [marsh_cycles; Figure 10 printed 43/PDF 7; cycle discussion printed 39/PDF 3; 1-29-4-4W2; 1379.7 m]
Nested targets: Clean ooid/peloid shoal crest and margins, enclosed laterally by mud-rich or cemented facies.; Dolomitized protected-lagoon/peritidal carbonate where pore throats remain connected.; Repeated reservoir lenses at distinct cycle levels rather than one undifferentiated Frobisher body.
Preservation/diagenesis/trapping: The same depositional belt can alternate porous and anhydrite-plugged rock over short distances. Fault/inherited relief may influence accommodation locally, but must be established independently with multi-horizon structure and stratigraphy. A productive shoal analogue does not establish charge in an untested lens.
Orientation: Pinto locally demonstrates a south–north cross-facies transition; Steelman authors also discuss local NE–SW structural/depositional trends. These are not a single regional shore-parallel azimuth. Confidence: High local transition; low corridor-scale projection.
Local applicability: Pinto and Steelman are southern analogues. Their reservoir geometry is useful for nested facies mapping, but younger Frobisher preservation must be established before applying it to Walpole–Indian Head.
Falsifiers: Adjacent wells fail to show predicted clean-to-muddy transition at the same cycle level.; Thickness anomaly reflects later erosion/salt collapse rather than synsedimentary relief.; All candidate bank facies are sulfate cemented or lack containment.
Diagram: A small coated-grain bank grading landward into muddy back-barrier, washover apron and tidal flat. Stack repeated cycles vertically; do not draw a coral reef. Put structural control in a dashed optional layer.

FROBISHER_EVAPORITE — Frobisher Evaporite
Evaporitic tidal-flat/sabkha and restricted-basin transition with nodular or mosaic anhydrite, dolomitic mud and exposure indicators. Common lithostratigraphy places it at the base of the Midale Beds; genetic-cycle work places part of its lower interval with the upper Frobisher cycle.
Published anchors:
- Nodular anhydrite and dolomitic stringers are photographed. [midale2009; Figure 5D, p.8; 01/01-03-05-06W2; 1412.5 m]
- Lower evaporite overlies an exposure surface; a higher example contains nodular/chicken-wire anhydrite interbedded with red lateritic mud. [marsh_cycles; Figures 10–11, printed 43/PDF 7; 1-29-4-4W2; 1379.7 and 1374.2 m]
Nested targets: Adjacent or interfingering porous carbonate at an evaporite margin, if reservoir facies is present.; Thin dolomitic intervals only where core/permeability demonstrate connected pores; massive anhydrite is primarily a seal.
Preservation/diagenesis/trapping: Continuous anhydrite can provide top/lateral seal and brines can alter adjacent carbonate. Dissolution, fractures or discontinuous facies can compromise containment. Evaporite thickness alone predicts neither reservoir nor charge.
Orientation: Restricted landward evaporitic facies versus basinward carbonate is defensible as a conceptual relation; exact margin location and time equivalence require cycle-by-cycle correlations. Confidence: High lithofacies; moderate genetic interpretation; low corridor margin location.
Local applicability: Direct samples are Steelman. The official zero edge represents present preservation and cannot be plotted as the ancient evaporite shoreline. Distinguish basal-Midale lithostratigraphic usage from Marsh–Qing genetic-cycle assignment.
Falsifiers: Supposed carbonate-margin reservoir is absent or fully anhydritized.; A mapped evaporite limit results from erosion or dissolution rather than depositional termination.; Correlations show that the proposed opposing facies are not time equivalent.
Diagram: Separate evaporitic margin panel with nodules in muddy tidal flat, localized saline water and basinward carbonate. Put a bracket across the Frobisher–Midale transition: lithostratigraphic and genetic cycle boundaries differ; do not force every evaporite bed into one regressive cap.

MIDALE — Midale Beds (carbonate interval)
Shallow carbonate shoals and protected lagoonal/peritidal environments; lower Vuggy facies include skeletal/oncoid/ooid/peloid carbonates, while upper Marly commonly includes dolomitized muddy, bioturbated facies. These labels combine lithology and reservoir convention, not a uniform two-layer depositional sheet.
Published anchors:
- Ooid/peloid grainstone–packstone contacts a peloidal/algal wackestone in photographed core. [midale2009; Figure3B, p.6; 01/07-26-03-06W2; 1536.5 m]
- A bioturbated dolomudstone with molds is shown separately from patterned dolomitic mud; porous texture is not restricted to high-energy grainstones. [midale2009; Figure 5A–B, p.8; 01/01-03-05-06W2; 1402.3 and 1401.5 m]
- Onlap and relief-dependent Marly distribution are interpreted around Benson; thickness and dolomitization vary spatially. [lake2001_midale_onlap; Five-page report, Benson discussion]
Nested targets: Preserved grain-rich Vuggy shoals with limited anhydrite plugging.; Dolomitized Marly lagoon/pond facies with connected intercrystalline pores.; Onlap pinch-outs and carbonate-to-evaporite/tight-mud changes around demonstrable paleorelief.
Preservation/diagenesis/trapping: Dolomitization can improve muddy facies; anhydrite can plug shoals, molds or fractures. Separate depositional onlap, diagenetic porosity and later structural closure. Top/lateral seals and migration access need to be demonstrated for each proposed lens.
Orientation: Facies position is locally controlled by inherited relief and accommodation; do not assign a single Midale shoreline from modern formation edges. Confidence: High southern facies inventory; moderate local onlap; low northern extrapolation.
Local applicability: Steelman, Benson, Midale and Weyburn work provides southern reservoir analogues. It does not establish Midale presence or specific shoals along the full northern town corridor.
Falsifiers: A proposed Marly depositional thick is a diagenetic/log-pick effect.; Paleorelief disappears on appropriate stratigraphic datums.; Porosity is isolated or sulfate-filled, or the predicted seal is breached.
Diagram: Nested Vuggy grain shoal and Marly muddy lagoon/pond, with optional onlap onto antecedent relief. Add a separate dolomitization pattern through Marly and localized anhydrite pore fill, avoiding a simple good-sand/bad-mud color rule.

MIDALE_EVAPORITE — Midale Evaporite
Commonly treated as basal Ratcliffe evaporitic strata, laterally related to basinward Ratcliffe carbonates. It includes tidal-flat muds, standing-water evaporites and exposure intervals; it must not be represented solely as a dry sabkha or simply as the upper Midale reservoir facies.
Published anchors:
- Laminated anhydrite is interbedded with patterned dolostone. [midale2009; Figure 5C, p.8; 41/08-05-05-06W2; 1416.5 m]
- A pictured approximately metre-scale cycle contains laminated mud and rooted/burrowed intervals; the caption explicitly says laminated anhydrite is absent in this particular cycle. [lake_kent2007_evaporite; Figure 5, PDF p.7; 7-5-5-4W2, Steelman; No depth supplied in caption]
Nested targets: Porous basinward carbonate equivalents beside the restricted evaporite basin.; Dolomitized carbonate interbeds only if pore connectivity and containment are verified.; Underlying Midale reservoirs where evaporite continuity provides an effective seal.
Preservation/diagenesis/trapping: The main direct petroleum role is sealing and influencing adjacent carbonate alteration. Stacked standing-water/tidal-flat cycles can be heterogeneous; dissolution/fracturing requires separate seal assessment. The source model’s climate, prevailing-wind and basement-barrier explanations remain hypotheses.
Orientation: Landward restricted hypersaline basin, separating barrier and basinward carbonate is an interpretive cross-section; no precise local shoreline azimuth follows from the isopach. Confidence: High observed textures; moderate broad process model; low corridor reconstruction.
Local applicability: Steelman/Weyburn examples are southern analogues. A published model describes metre-scale deepening cycles and terminal exposure, whereas some broader stratigraphic schemes emphasize regression; preserve this model dependence.
Falsifiers: Cored interval lacks evidence of standing-water precipitation where that process is proposed.; Evaporite termination is erosional or dissolution-related rather than a depositional margin.; Inferred basinward reservoir is not time equivalent or is impermeable.
Diagram: Restricted basin with laminated gypsum/anhydrite settling in water, adjacent rooted/burrowed muddy tidal flats and local nodular exposure cap. Link sideways to the Ratcliffe carbonate panel. Include an inset metre-scale cycle with optional, not universal, laminated anhydrite cap.

RATCLIFFE — Ratcliffe Beds
Carbonate–evaporite system with open-marine carbonate, high-energy coated-grain barriers, restricted lagoons and hypersaline evaporitic interiors. Lake’s two-barrier interpretation is a useful model; broader Ratcliffe includes multiple cycles and cannot be reduced to one barrier at one instant.
Published anchors:
- Photographs/thin sections show sparry ooid/peloid limestone and algal-coated grains; extensive calcite cement is also present. [fuzesy1973_ratcliffe; Plate VIII A–C, caption printed 56/PDF 58, photos printed 57/PDF 59; HB Miami Hummingbird 3-26B-2-19W2; 6161,6141 and 6235.5 ft]
- A conceptual south-to-north section separates an outer oncoid barrier, restricted lagoon, inner barrier and hypersaline Midale-Evaporite lagoon. [lake2007_ratcliffe; Figure 1, p.1 and discussion]
Nested targets: Coated-grain barrier/shoal bodies where cement has not eliminated connected pores.; Dolomitized restricted-lagoon carbonate near reflux pathways.; Localized tidal-inlet/grainstone lenses and carbonate–evaporite facies terminations.
Preservation/diagenesis/trapping: Dolomite texture and cement history are decisive: microcrystalline mud-rich rock may remain tight, while some coarser dolomite has intercrystalline/vug pores. Internal evaporites and tight muds can isolate lenses; charge, spill points and postdepositional deformation remain separate tests.
Orientation: Lake depicts basinward south versus landward north, but this is conceptual, not a measured local barrier azimuth. Fuzesy shows that preserved subcrop facies vary around the basin; the subcrop is not a universal ancient shoreline. Confidence: Moderate regional process; low exact northern-corridor geometry.
Local applicability: Fuzesy’s cores are chiefly south-central Saskatchewan, well west/south of the original Wawota corridor. They corroborate facies possibilities, not local presence. Lake’s model applies to southern late Mississippian strata and must not be projected into Souris Valley or Tilston time.
Falsifiers: No lateral carbonate–evaporite facies equivalence at the selected cycle.; Candidate barrier is mud-rich or cemented, without an associated energy/facies contrast.; Apparent structural trap reflects salt-related collapse with breached seal.
Diagram: Nested outer coated-grain barrier, sheltered carbonate lagoon, inner peritidal barrier and saline inner basin. Show several optional inlets; beneath, a short stacked-cycle column prevents the impression that the entire Ratcliffe formed simultaneously.

MISSISSIPPIAN — Total Mississippian (composite interval)
A time-integrated stack, not one paleoenvironment: basal marine flooding/shelf-margin carbonates, successive shallow carbonate platforms and shoals, localized quartz-sand influx, restricted lagoons, tidal flats and evaporites, later truncated and altered.
Published anchors:
- Parkman comparison panels distinguish a typical altered caprock from a site with anhydrite dissolution and upward hydrocarbon migration. This is evidence of local seal variability, not a facies map. [bates_kendall2008; Figure 2, PDF p.3/printed 811; MUS Parkman 4-34-8-33W1; MOC Parkman 12-16-9-33W1]
- The regional Souris Valley is progressively truncated northward; younger units and subcrop facies are consequently preserved differently. [nickel_kent2008; PDF p.1]
Nested targets: Formation-specific porous facies intersecting a competent trap and charge pathway.; Stacked but separately evaluated reservoir lenses; never sum gross thicknesses as prospective pay.
Preservation/diagenesis/trapping: Use an event sequence: deposition → early diagenesis → burial/deformation and exposure/erosion → further cementation/dissolution → migration, entrapment and possible leakage. Relative timing may overlap and must be tested. Neither later caprock geometry nor present structural dip restores original bathymetry by itself.
Orientation: Broad northern basin-margin versus southern basinward setting is useful; each interval has its own facies migration, preservation and deformation history. Confidence: High need for time separation; low single-map paleoenvironment.
Local applicability: The total-thickness map is a preservation/accommodation screen across the study area. Around the northern town corridor, a regional thick may be mostly nonreservoir lower strata, while a thinner remnant may retain a locally favorable bed. Named pools need their own correlated cores and tests.
Falsifiers: An apparent depositional thickness trend disappears after separating erosion, compaction or structural effects.; Regional formation picks contradict the unit assumed in the play.; An attractive depositional facies lacks reservoir, seal, trap or charge.
Diagram: A chronological stack or several time panels with separate facies belts, followed by one later erosional surface cutting progressively older units. Keep present zero edges and ancient environmental boundaries in different graphic layers.

PRIMARY SOURCE REGISTER (15)
nickel_kent2008 — Erik Nickel and Donald Kent (2008). Facies Relationships and Hydrocarbon Potential in the Souris Valley Beds (Lodgepole Fm.) in Southeast Saskatchewan. PDF p.1, printed p.928.
https://geoconvention.com/wp-content/uploads/abstracts/2008/155.pdf
sereda1990 — Richard D. Sereda (1990). Aspects of the Sedimentology, Stratigraphy and Diagenesis of Lower Mississippian Shelf Margin Carbonates: Souris Valley–Lodgepole Interval of the Williston Basin. University of Saskatchewan thesis; Plates 4, 7, 8; PDF pp.63–64, 79–80, 83–84; Figure 16 PDF pp.136–137.
https://harvest.usask.ca/bitstreams/0fade3b0-9951-448d-988a-02ac4a33c2d7/download
lake2023 — John Lake (2023). Upside Potential of the Basal Mississippian Souris Valley Beds/Lodgepole Formation in Southeast Saskatchewan: An Alternate Model Using Evidence from Drill Core. SGS core-talk notice/abstract, PDF pp.1–2; not a complete core atlas.
https://www.apegs.ca/assets/sgs-talk-notice-23-05-24-lake.pdf
ji_hersi2016 — Congwei Ji and Osman Salad Hersi (2016). Diagenesis and Petrographic Reservoir Characterization of the Mission Canyon Formation, Southeastern Saskatchewan. SGS MR 2016-4.1, Paper A-5; Tables 1–2, Figures 3, 5–6; especially p.11.
https://pubsaskdev.blob.core.windows.net/pubsask-prod/107147/107147-A-5_Ji_and_Salad_Hersi_Diagenesis_Petrographic_Reservoir_Characterization_Mission_Canyon_Fm.pdf
rott_qing2005_sedimentology — C.M. Rott and H. Qing (2005). Sedimentology and Facies Description of Mississippian Alida Beds, Williston Basin, Southeastern Saskatchewan. SGS MR 2005-4.1, Paper A-12; Figures 3–9, pp.3–8.
https://pubsaskdev.blob.core.windows.net/pubsask-prod/88866/88866-Rott-Qing2_2005vol1.pdf
rott_qing2005_diagenesis — C.M. Rott and H. Qing (2005). Diagenesis of Mississippian Alida Beds, Williston Basin, Southeastern Saskatchewan – Evidence from Petrographic and Fluid-Inclusion Data. SGS MR 2005-4.1, Paper A-11; petrographic/paragenetic synthesis.
https://pubsaskdev.blob.core.windows.net/pubsask-prod/88864/88864-Rott-Qing_2005vol1.pdf
kent2007_kisbey — D.M. Kent (2007). An Enigmatic Interval Rich in Sand-size Quartz Particles in the Mississippian of Southeastern Saskatchewan: A Possible Solution to Its Origin Based on Sequence Stratigraphic Principles. SGS MR 2007-4.1, Paper A-5; Figure 2 p.4, Figures 7–10 pp.9–14.
https://pubsaskdev.blob.core.windows.net/pubsask-prod/36431/36431-kent.pdf
marsh_cycles — Arden K.A. Marsh and Hairuo Qing (2002). Transgressive-Regressive Cycles of the Mississippian Frobisher Carbonate-Evaporite Succession in the Steelman Area, Southeastern Saskatchewan. SGS MR 2002-4.1 pp. 37–46; PDF p.3 = printed 39; Figures 9–11 printed42–43.
https://pubsaskdev.blob.core.windows.net/pubsask-prod/88707/88707-marsh.pdf
nimegeers2006_frobisher — Andrew Nimegeers and Arden Marsh (2006). Hydrocarbon Potential in Coated-Grain Banks of the Mississippian Frobisher Beds, Southeastern Saskatchewan. Convention extended abstract; Figures 1–2 PDF p.2, printed 635.
https://geoconvention.com/wp-content/uploads/abstracts/2006/156S0131.pdf
midale2009 — Junjie Liu and Hairuo Qing (2009). A Preliminary Investigation of Diagenesis of the Mississippian Midale Beds, Steelman Midale Pool, Southeastern Saskatchewan. SGS MR 2009-4.1, Paper A-7; nomenclature pp.2–4, core photos Figures 3–5 pp.6–8.
https://pubsaskdev.blob.core.windows.net/pubsask-prod/37537/37537-SOI2009V1_A7.pdf
lake_kent2007_evaporite — J.H. Lake and D.M. Kent (2007). Highstand Stacked Tidal Flat / Standing Water Evaporite Cycles of the Midale Evaporite in Southeast Saskatchewan (Mississippian Williston Basin). Convention core-display abstract; Figure 4 PDF p.6; Steelman core Figure 5 PDF p.7.
https://geoconvention.com/wp-content/uploads/abstracts/2007/153S0131.pdf
lake2007_ratcliffe — J.H. Lake (2007). Multiple Barriers within the Mississippian Ratcliffe Beds of the Williston Basin, Southeastern Saskatchewan. SGS MR 2007-4.1, Paper A-6; Figure 1 and four-page discussion.
https://pubsaskdev.blob.core.windows.net/pubsask-prod/36432/36432-lake.pdf
fuzesy1973_ratcliffe — L.M. Fuzesy (1973). The Geology of the Mississippian Ratcliffe Beds in South-Central Saskatchewan. SGS Report 163; printed pp. 26–33; Plate VIII caption/photo printed 56–57 (PDF 58–59); PlateX printed60–61 (PDF62–63).
https://pubsaskdev.blob.core.windows.net/pubsask-prod/deleted/90479/90479-Report-163_Geology_Of_The_Mississippian_Ratcliffe_Beds.pdf
bates_kendall2008 — Gemma Bates and Alan Kendall (2008). Understanding the Origin of the Sub-Unconformity Diagenetic Caprock, in the Mississippian of the Williston Basin, Southeast Saskatchewan. Convention extended abstract; Figure 2 PDF p.3, printed 811.
https://geoconvention.com/wp-content/uploads/abstracts/2008/094.pdf
lake2001_midale_onlap — J.H. Lake (2001). Onlap within the Mississippian Midale Beds of Southeastern Saskatchewan. SGS MR 2001-4.1; five-page report and Benson onlap interpretation.
https://pubsaskdev.blob.core.windows.net/pubsask-prod/88656/88656-Lake_2001_volume1_MiscRep2001-4.1.pdf
